A primer for importers and CFOs

Why every U.S. retailer
importing over $50M
should be running an FTZ.

Foreign Trade Zones aren't a tax loophole. They're a 90-year-old federal program that 3,000+ U.S. companies already use to legally defer, reduce, or eliminate customs duties — and most of your competitors are already doing it.

The 60-second version

An FTZ is a piece of U.S. soil that, for customs purposes, is treated as if it were outside the country.

You can land goods there from anywhere in the world, hold them, manipulate them, manufacture with them — without paying a single dollar of duty. Duty is owed only if and when the goods are physically shipped into U.S. commerce. If they re-export, duty is never paid. If you manufacture, you can elect to pay the lower duty rate of either the input or the finished good. And you can consolidate a week of shipments into one entry, capping your merchandise processing fee.

For a retailer doing $200M in annual imports, that typically means $1.2M – $4M in annual savings. Cash savings, not deferral. Recurring, not one-time.

The five mechanisms

Where the savings actually come from.

There's no single FTZ magic trick. The savings stack across five distinct mechanisms — and depending on your business, some matter more than others. Here they are, in plain English, with math.

01 DUTY DEFERRAL

Pay duty only when goods leave the zone.

In a normal import flow, you pay duty the moment the container clears Customs. In an FTZ, you pay duty only when the goods are released into U.S. commerce. Goods that sit in your zone for 6 months — slow movers, safety stock, seasonal inventory — accrue zero duty until they ship to a customer.

Annual import value $200M
Average duty rate 7.5%
Average days in inventory 90 days
Cost of capital (WACC) 8%
Annual cash flow benefit ≈ $295,890
02 DUTY ELIMINATION

Re-export anything? Never pay duty at all.

Goods that arrive in your FTZ and ship back out of the U.S. — to Mexico, Canada, the Caribbean, anywhere — are never considered to have entered U.S. commerce. Zero duty owed. For retailers with North American distribution, or for any company doing destruction or returns processing, this mechanism alone can be enormous.

Re-exports to MX / CA $24M
Duty avoided (avg 7.5%) $1.80M
Destroyed obsolete inventory $3M
Duty avoided on destruction $225,000
Annual elimination benefit ≈ $2,025,000
03 INVERTED TARIFF

Import components. Pay the rate on the finished good.

U.S. tariff schedules are not consistent — sometimes a raw material or component is taxed at a higher rate than the finished product it goes into. In an FTZ, with the right approval, you can manufacture the finished product inside the zone and elect to pay the lower of the two rates when it ships out. For automotive, electronics, and pharma manufacturers, this is often where the largest savings live.

Imported component duty rate 12.5%
Finished product duty rate 2.5%
Inverted savings rate 10.0%
Annual component imports $45M
Annual inverted-tariff savings ≈ $4,500,000
04 MPF CAP

File one entry per week. Pay one MPF per week.

The Merchandise Processing Fee is 0.3464% of entered value, capped at $634.62 per entry. Without an FTZ, every entry — and every container — carries its own MPF. With an FTZ weekly entry, you can consolidate every shipment leaving the zone in a 7-day window into a single CBP filing. One entry. One cap. Massive savings for high-volume importers.

Entries per week (without FTZ) 47
MPF per entry (avg, capped) $634.62
Annual MPF (without FTZ) $1,550,802
Annual MPF (with weekly entry) $33,000
Annual MPF savings ≈ $1,517,802
05 STATE & LOCAL TAX

Inventory in the zone is exempt from state and local property tax.

Federal law exempts inventory held in an FTZ from state and local ad valorem taxation. In states with significant inventory taxes — Texas, Louisiana, Mississippi, Kentucky, West Virginia — this can be one of the single largest line items. Combine it with the federal duty mechanisms and the FTZ pays for itself many times over.

Average inventory on hand $80M
Texas property tax rate (combined) 2.1%
Annual property tax saved ≈ $1,680,000
For the $200M importer modeled above
$10.0M+

in combined annual savings — recurring, defensible, and showing up on every quarterly report. Forever.

Common objections

Yes, but… we've heard them all.

"It's too much compliance overhead."

It was, before software like Mamora existed. Modern FTZ platforms cut compliance work by 80–95%. The savings now massively outweigh the operational cost — typically by 10x or more in year one.

"We don't have a manufacturing operation."

You don't need one. Distribution centers, retail DCs, and e-commerce fulfillment sites are all eligible. Inverted tariff is just one of five savings mechanisms — the other four apply to pure-play distribution operations too.

"Setting up a zone takes years."

Subzone or magnet site activation under the Alternative Site Framework now takes 3–6 months. Most retailers can be operational within a single quarter if they push.

"Audits scare me."

CBP audits an FTZ on average every 3–5 years. With Mamora, your entire audit package — every admission, every movement, every filing — is one click away. Customers using Mamora have had zero adverse findings since 2023.

"Our broker handles this stuff."

Brokers handle entries. They don't run inventory methodology, manage FIFO layers, or build duty savings reports for your CFO. An FTZ is operations — not brokerage — and that's what Mamora handles.

"What if tariffs go away?"

Tariffs aren't going away — they're going up. Section 301 rates have been ratcheted up under both major administrations. The MPF cap and state property tax exemption alone usually justify the program even if every duty were repealed tomorrow.

Not a loophole. A 90-year-old federal program.

Already used by 3,400+ U.S. companies.

The Foreign-Trade Zones Act passed in 1934. There are now 293 active zones across all 50 states. Among the active operators: Samsung, BMW, Mercedes-Benz, Pfizer, Caterpillar, Whirlpool, GE, Boeing, Tesla, and most of the Fortune 100 that imports anything.

If your competitors are using an FTZ and you aren't, you are paying duty they aren't. That cost shows up on the shelf.

293
active FTZs in the U.S.
$835B
in merchandise received annually
550k+
U.S. workers employed in FTZs
1934
when the program was enacted
Getting started

From zero to first filing in one quarter.

1

Activation

Apply for FTZ activation through your local Grantee under the Alternative Site Framework. We can recommend a consultant. ~3 months.

2

Implementation

Mamora deploys, connects to your ERP and WMS, ingests your part master and historical activity. ~4 weeks.

3

Pilot

Parallel run with your existing process. We file 214s on one product line first and prove out the workflow. ~2 weeks.

4

Go live

Full cutover. Mamora handles every admission, movement, and weekly entry. Savings show up in your next CFO report. Permanent.

Want the same math run on your numbers?

Send us your top-line import volume, average duty rate, and inventory turns. We'll send back a one-page custom savings model — no demo required.

Get my savings model → See the platform